A review of diversity of bees, the attractiveness of host plants and the effects of landscape variables on bees in urban gardens

Abstract Background The world's growing population and need for food have increased attention to urban agriculture around the world. Most crops grown in environments bees pollination. However, little is known about bee populations areas has been paid function of these pollinators cities. Therefore, studying ecology pollinating gardens green roofs contributes greatly agriculture. In this study, results 87 articles related presence farms were summarized three general sections. first part deals with issues, such as diversity gardens, dominant species areas, their nesting type, origin, specialty, sociality. second examines attractiveness host plants origin bees. third section effects landscape local variables on gardens. Results Our data showed that environments, especially contain a high bees, which honeybees bumblebees are most environments. native more attractive than non-native plants. section, studies shown negative role urbanization On other hand, many spaces or studied positive effect pollinators. Conclusion Urban provides good opportunity increase agricultural production Planting creating artificial nests solitary can help attract Converting lawns into floral resources carrying out activities also effectively city.